Apo-B0.63 g/L 0 Optimal 0.40 Normal 1.05 High 0.63 (g/L) In recent years the importance the role of apopolipoprotein B (Apo-B) plays in major vascular diseases has become increasingly clear. ApoB is the main component of atherogenesis (plaque building). ApoB represents a direct measure of the total atherogenic particles (the sum of LDL, IDL, VLDL, and Lpa) in the circulation that can enter the arterial wall. ApoB is a more accurate measure of the risk posed by these particles than the mass of cholesterol they contain, estimated by LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) or non-HDL cholesterol.1
Lp(a)40 nmol/L 0 Optimal 30 Normal 100 High 20 (nmol/L) Lp(a) is the single most important – and most prevalent – hereditary risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) no matter what other risk factors a patient may or may not have such as smoking, diabetes, hypertension or non-Lp(a) dyslipidemia.2No chart for Lp(a) as this marker is typically a once in a lifetime test, unless deemed "high" and you would like to track progress with interventions. Please reach out to our team if this is the case for you.
LDL-C1.4 mmol/L 0 Optimal 0.50 Normal 1.8 High 1.4 (mmol/L) Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations is an estimation and tends to be an inferior marker to Apo-B when determining atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk.3
Triglycerides0.54 mmol/L 0 Optimal 1.1 Normal 1.7 High 0.76 (mmol/L) The storage form of fat. Some triglycerides are important for good health. However, high triglyceride levels in your blood can raise your risk of heart disease.4
Non HDL-C1.65 mmol/L 0 Optimal 2.1 Normal 3.4 High 1.65 (mmol/L) Measures the cholesterol content of all atherogenic lipoproteins, including LDL. Non-HDL-C = TC - HDL-C5
Total Cholesterol3.19 mmol/L 0 Optimal 5.2 Normal 10 High 3.19 (mmol/L) An approximation for the total cholesterol levels. The most common formula used is: LDL-C + HDL-C + 20% of Triglycerides. Note that this marker includes HDL-C and therefore the below formula is a better marker in terms of risk scores. That said, Lp(a) and Apo-B scores are still superior indicators.5
TC / HDL-C2.1 mmol/L 0 Optimal 2.0 Normal 3.0 High 2.1 (mmol/L) A formula used to evaluate cardiac risk 6
HbA1C 6.3 % 4.0 Optimal 5.5 Normal 7.0 High 6.3 % Average blood glucose (sugar) over the past 3 months.1
Fasted Glucose5.4 mmol/L 2.0 Low 4.0 Normal 7.0 High 5.4 mmol/L A snapshot of your blood sugar while fasted. 2No chart for fasted glucose levels. The best option to monitor and learn your glucose fluctuations is to use a continuous glucose monitor such as the Dexcom or an intermittently scanned glucose monitor such as the Freestyle Libre
Fasting Insulin10 µIU/mL 0 Optimal 6 Normal 24 High 10 (µIU/mL) A good indicator risk for type 2 diabetes. Rising insulin levels tend to happen as a precursor to insulin resistance, before we see an increase in fasting blood sugar.3
hsCRP 4.6 mg/dL 0 Optimal 0.5 Normal 8.0 High 4.6 mg/dL Inflammation marker rises significantly in the presence of inflammation, injury, or infection.1
Homocysteine5.4 µmol/L 0 Optimal 8 Normal 15 High 5.4 µmol/LL General inflammation, B12, folate status, and insight on methylation abilities (important for blood pressure and detox). 2
ALT 27 U/L 0 Low 7 Optimal 25 Normal 55 High 27 U/L Alanine transaminase (ALT) is a liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage. When hepatoytes are stressed they release enzymes including ALT and AST in the bloodstream. It's important to note that ALT and AST are not great proxies for overall liver function. If ALT or AST are elevated, its important to determine why are those enzymes elevated; is it an isolated situation or is it chronic?
AST16 U/L 0 Low 5 Optimal 25 Normal 40 High 16 U/L Aspartate transaminase (AST) is a liver enzyme that helps indicate liver health. When hepatoytes are stressed they release enzymes including ALT and AST in the bloodstream.2
GGT33 U/L 0 Low 9 Optimal 30 Normal 48 High 33 U/L Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is another liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage.
ALP86 U/L 0 Low 43 Optimal XX Normal 161 High 86 U/L Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is another liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage.
Bilirubin15 umol/L 3.4 Optimal 20.5 Normal 30 High 15 umol/L Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is another liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage.
ALT 27 U/L 0 Low 7 Optimal 25 Normal 55 High 27 U/L Alanine transaminase (ALT) is a liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage. When hepatoytes are stressed they release enzymes including ALT and AST in the bloodstream. It's important to note that ALT and AST are not great proxies for overall liver function. If ALT or AST are elevated, its important to determine why are those enzymes elevated; is it an isolated situation or is it chronic?
AST16 U/L 0 Low 5 Optimal 25 Normal 40 High 16 U/L Aspartate transaminase (AST) is a liver enzyme that helps indicate liver health. When hepatoytes are stressed they release enzymes including ALT and AST in the bloodstream.2
GGT33 U/L 0 Low 9 Optimal 30 Normal 48 High 33 U/L Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is another liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage.
ALP86 U/L 0 Low 43 Optimal XX Normal 161 High 86 U/L Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is another liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage.
Bilirubin15 umol/L 3.4 Optimal 20.5 Normal 30 High 15 umol/L Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is another liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage.
ALT 27 U/L 0 Low 7 Optimal 25 Normal 55 High 27 U/L Alanine transaminase (ALT) is a liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage. When hepatoytes are stressed they release enzymes including ALT and AST in the bloodstream. It's important to note that ALT and AST are not great proxies for overall liver function. If ALT or AST are elevated, its important to determine why are those enzymes elevated; is it an isolated situation or is it chronic?
AST16 U/L 0 Low 5 Optimal 25 Normal 40 High 16 U/L Aspartate transaminase (AST) is a liver enzyme that helps indicate liver health. When hepatoytes are stressed they release enzymes including ALT and AST in the bloodstream.2
GGT33 U/L 0 Low 9 Optimal 30 Normal 48 High 33 U/L Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is another liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage.
ALP86 U/L 0 Low 43 Optimal XX Normal 161 High 86 U/L Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is another liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage.
Bilirubin15 umol/L 3.4 Optimal 20.5 Normal 30 High 15 umol/L Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is another liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage.
Testosterone 27 U/L 0 Low 7 Optimal 25 Normal 55 High 27 U/L Alanine transaminase (ALT) is a liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage. When hepatoytes are stressed they release enzymes including ALT and AST in the bloodstream. It's important to note that ALT and AST are not great proxies for overall liver function. If ALT or AST are elevated, its important to determine why are those enzymes elevated; is it an isolated situation or is it chronic?
AST16 U/L 0 Low 5 Optimal 25 Normal 40 High 16 U/L Aspartate transaminase (AST) is a liver enzyme that helps indicate liver health. When hepatoytes are stressed they release enzymes including ALT and AST in the bloodstream.2
GGT33 U/L 0 Low 9 Optimal 30 Normal 48 High 33 U/L Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is another liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage.
ALP86 U/L 0 Low 43 Optimal XX Normal 161 High 86 U/L Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is another liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage.
Bilirubin15 umol/L 3.4 Optimal 20.5 Normal 30 High 15 umol/L Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is another liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage.
ALT 27 U/L 0 Low 7 Optimal 25 Normal 55 High 27 U/L Alanine transaminase (ALT) is a liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage. When hepatoytes are stressed they release enzymes including ALT and AST in the bloodstream. It's important to note that ALT and AST are not great proxies for overall liver function. If ALT or AST are elevated, its important to determine why are those enzymes elevated; is it an isolated situation or is it chronic?
AST16 U/L 0 Low 5 Optimal 25 Normal 40 High 16 U/L Aspartate transaminase (AST) is a liver enzyme that helps indicate liver health. When hepatoytes are stressed they release enzymes including ALT and AST in the bloodstream.2
GGT33 U/L 0 Low 9 Optimal 30 Normal 48 High 33 U/L Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is another liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage.
ALP86 U/L 0 Low 43 Optimal XX Normal 161 High 86 U/L Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is another liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage.
Bilirubin15 umol/L 3.4 Optimal 20.5 Normal 30 High 15 umol/L Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is another liver enzyme that helps indicate liver damage.
Apo-B0.63 g/L 0 Optimal 0.40 Normal 1.05 High 0.63 (g/L) In recent years the importance the role of apopolipoprotein B (Apo-B) plays in major vascular diseases has become increasingly clear. ApoB is the main component of atherogenesis (plaque building). ApoB represents a direct measure of the total atherogenic particles (the sum of LDL, IDL, VLDL, and Lpa) in the circulation that can enter the arterial wall. ApoB is a more accurate measure of the risk posed by these particles than the mass of cholesterol they contain, estimated by LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) or non-HDL cholesterol.1
LDL-C1.4 mmol/L 0 Optimal 0.50 Normal 1.8 High 1.4 (mmol/L) Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations is an estimation and tends to be an inferior marker to Apo-B when determining atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk.3
Triglycerides0.54 mmol/L 0 Optimal 1.1 Normal 1.7 High 0.76 (mmol/L) The storage form of fat. Some triglycerides are important for good health. However, high triglyceride levels in your blood can raise your risk of heart disease.4
Non HDL-C1.65 mmol/L 0 Optimal 2.1 Normal 3.4 High 1.65 (mmol/L) Measures the cholesterol content of all atherogenic lipoproteins, including LDL. Non-HDL-C = TC - HDL-C5
Testosterone0.63 g/L 0 Optimal 0.40 Normal 1.05 High 0.63 (g/L) Insert Testosterone description here 1
Lp(a)40 nmol/L 0 Optimal 30 Normal 100 High 20 (nmol/L) Lp(a) is the single most important – and most prevalent – hereditary risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) no matter what other risk factors a patient may or may not have such as smoking, diabetes, hypertension or non-Lp(a) dyslipidemia.2No chart for Lp(a) as this marker is typically a once in a lifetime test, unless deemed "high" and you would like to track progress with interventions. Please reach out to our team if this is the case for you.
